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Fixed Income

FKBAX Franklin Total Return Fund

  • Diversification. Broad diversification makes our fund attractive as a core fixed-income holding.
  • Global Fixed Income Expertise. Investors have full access to the research resources of the Franklin Templeton Fixed Income Group®.
  • Experienced Portfolio Management Team. Tenured investment team with expertise across market cycles.

Popular Documents

  • Factsheet
  • Product Commentary
  • Prospectus
  • Annual Report
View All
NAV 1 $-0.03(-0.35%)
$8.47
As of 03/02/2026
YTD Total Returns At NAV 2
1.29%
As of 03/02/2026
Total Net Assets
$2.95B
As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)

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Franklin Total Return Fund - Class A - FKBAX

  • Overview
  • Performance
  • Portfolio
  • Distributions & Tax
  • Pricing
  • Documents
Skipped to Overview Section Content

Overview

See the risks and other important information.

Fund Facts

Fund description

The fund seeks to provide high current income consistent with preservation of capital. Capital appreciation over the long term is a secondary goal. The fund primarily invests in debt securities, which may be represented by derivatives that provide exposure to debt securities. The fund focuses on government and corporate debt securities and mortgage- and asset-backed securities.

Benchmark
Bloomberg US Aggregate Index
Dividend Frequency, if any
Monthly
Fund Inception Date
08/03/1998
Distribution Rate at NAV3As of 03/02/2026 (Updated Daily)
3.91%
30-Day SEC Yield—With Waiver4,5,6As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)
3.83%
30-Day SEC Yield—Without Waiver5,6As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)
3.64%
Effective DurationAs of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)
5.79 Years

Sales Charges, Expenses & Fees

As of 03/01/2026
Gross Expense Ratio7
0.93%
Net Expense Ratio7,8

Expense Limitation

Expense Waiver Type: Contractual fee waiver, expense cap and/or reimbursement
Expense Limitation Expires: 02/28/2027

0.73%
Maximum Initial Charge
3.75%
CDSC9
1.00%
12b-1 Fee
0.25%

Identifiers

Ticker
FKBAX
Fund Number
460
CUSIP Code
353612856

Average Annual Total Returns As of 01/31/2026

View performance section for additional info As of 01/31/2026

Class A

  • 2.57%1 Year
  • 2.46%3 Years
  • -1.17%5 Years
  • 1.35%10 Years
  • 3.73%Since Inception
    08/03/1998

Performance data quoted represents past performance, which does not guarantee future results. Investment return and principal value of an investment will fluctuate so that an investor’s shares, when sold or redeemed, may be worth more or less than the original cost. Current performance may be lower or higher than the figures shown.

Top Sectors

Portfolio breakdown percentages may not total 100% and may be negative due to rounding, use of any derivatives, unsettled trades or other factors.

View portfolio section for additional info

As of 01/31/2026 - Notional Exposure % of Total (Updated Monthly)

Top Sectors
Investment Grade Corporates39.91%
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities34.61%
U.S. Treasuries14.16%
Interest Rate Derivatives10.77%
Collateralized Loan Obligation8.49%

Additional Fund Info

Share Class Inception Date
08/03/1998
Investment Style
Multi-Sector
Lipper Classification
Core Plus Bond Funds
Morningstar Category10
Intermediate Core-Plus Bond

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Manager and Commentary

About the Team

Franklin Templeton Fixed Income

A global leader in fixed income, the team strives to provide consistent and resilient returns by combining deep fundamental research with rigorous portfolio construction. This solutions-driven approach means maintaining portfolio and risk exposures that align with client expectations.

Commentary Highlights

December 31, 2025
  • Markets  : The fourth quarter of 2025 (Q4) saw monthly shifts in market sentiment as uncertainties increased in the first part of the quarter. The US federal government went into a shutdown on 1 October as the US Senate was unable to pass a spending bill. This, among other things, delayed or cancelled the publication of key economic data, leading to a lack of clarity on the economic condition of the United States. The shutdown was lifted mid-November, and subsequent data showed that economic growth in the United States remained resilient. The US Federal Reserve (Fed) delivered three consecutive 25-basis-point (bp) cuts in Q4, helping market sentiment to improve in December. Fixed income volatility measures fell towards the end of the quarter, reaching their lowest level since 2021. Securitized sectors saw positive absolute and excess returns, as did lower-quality corporate credit, as spreads tightened. Investment-grade corporate bonds had positive absolute returns but failed to keep pace with their duration-matched US Treasuries (USTs). The US yield curve steepened as shorter-maturity yields fell while longer-dated bond yields rose. The benchmark 10-year UST yield increased two bps to end the quarter at 4.17%.
  • Contributors  : Overweight agency mortgage-backed securities (MBS). Out-of-index holding of collateralized loan obligations (CLOs).
  • Detractors  : Security selection MBS and senior secured floating-rate bank loans.
  • Outlook  : Looking ahead into 2026, we have a favorable view towards the US economy and are looking for strong growth in the first half of the year. In our view, intermediate- and longer-term UST yields remain too low, but can likely remain here until the Fed finishes their rate-cutting cycle. Fixed income spreads remain tight on a historical basis, but they still provide opportunities when looked at an income and yield prospective..

For complete information, please see the full commentary:

Franklin Templeton Fixed Income
[Sonal Desais avatar]

Managed Fund Since 2018

[Michael V Salms avatar]

Managed Fund Since 2024

[Patrick A. Kleins avatar]

Managed Fund Since 2019

[Joshua Lohmeiers avatar]

Managed Fund Since 2023

[Tina Chous avatar]

Managed Fund Since 2019

Portfolio Manager Profile
Years of Experience
Manager Location

Latest Insights

March 2, 2026

On My Mind: Iran—Early considerations on market impact

February 19, 2026

On My Mind: Of bots and men—Investing in the age of AI

January 26, 2026

European fixed income outlook—cautious optimism

January 21, 2026

The municipal bond market outlook: Continued stability—a good sign for investors (new app)

January 20, 2026

The municipal bond market outlook: Continued stability—a good sign for investors

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[products.skip-performance]

Performance

Average Annual Total Returns

As of 01/31/2026

Choose Month

2026

Use arrow keys to navigate calendar. Press Enter to select a date.
2026
Selected Month January 2026

Chart

Bar chart with 3 data series.
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying values. Data ranges from -1.17 to 6.85.
Created with Highcharts 11.4.8-2024681 Year3 Years5 Years10 YearsSince Inception
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Class A - With Sales Charge (POP) (%)
Month End
As of 01/31/2026
Class A - Without Sales Charge (NAV) (%)
Month End
As of 01/31/2026
Bloomberg US Aggregate Index (%)
Month End
As of 01/31/2026

Performance data quoted represents past performance, which does not guarantee future results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the figures shown. Principal value and investment returns will fluctuate, and investors' shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than the original cost. Performance would have been lower if fees had not been waived in various periods. Total returns assume the reinvestment of all distributions and the deduction of all Fund expenses. Returns with sales charge reflect a deduction of the stated maximum sales charge. Returns without sales charge would have been lower had sales charges been reflected. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and unmanaged index returns do not reflect any fees, expenses or sales charges. Returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized. 

See the risks and other important information.

Ratings 12

Morningstar logo
Overall Morningstar Rating
Overall Morningstar Rating: 2 out of 5 stars  
As of 01/31/2026
3 Years
3 Years: 2 out of 5 stars  
496 Funds in category
5 Years
5 Years: 2 out of 5 stars  
456 Funds in category
10 Years
10 Years: 1 out of 5 stars  
340 Funds in category
Rating Category
Intermediate Core-Plus Bond

The fund's overall Morningstar Rating measures risk-adjusted returns and is derived from a weighted average of the performance figures associated with its 3-, 5- and 10-year (if applicable) rating metrics. 

Morningstar Style Box
As of 01/31/2026
Current Historical
Large
Medium
Small
Value Blend Growth
Style
Size

Source: Morningstar®. The style box reveals a fund's investment style. For equity funds, the vertical axis shows the market capitalization of the long stocks owned, and the horizontal axis shows the investment style (value, blend, or growth). For fixed income funds, the vertical axis shows the credit quality based on credit ratings and the horizontal axis shows interest-rate sensitivity as measured by effective duration. Placement is determined by fund portfolio holding figures most recently entered into Morningstar's database and corresponding market conditions. Shaded areas show the past 3 years of quarterly data. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

©2025 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information.

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Portfolio

Assets

As of01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)

Total Net Assets
$2.95 Billion

Positions

As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)

Number of Holdings
Fund
998
Benchmark

Bloomberg US Aggregate Index

13,940

Portfolio Statistics

As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)

Effective Duration

Effective duration is a duration calculation for bonds with embedded options. Effective duration takes into account that expected cash flows will fluctuate as interest rates change. Please note, duration measures the sensitivity of price (the value of principal) of a fixed-income investment to a change in interest rates.

Fund
5.79 Years
Benchmark

Bloomberg US Aggregate Index

5.90 Years
Average Weighted Maturity

An estimate of the number of years to maturity, taking the possibility of early payments into account, for the underlying holdings.

Fund
7.76 Years
Benchmark

Bloomberg US Aggregate Index

8.08 Years

Asset Allocation

Portfolio breakdown percentages may not total 100% and may be negative due to rounding, use of any derivatives, unsettled trades or other factors.

As of 01/31/2026 - Market Value % of Total (Updated Monthly)

Asset Allocation
Holdings Fund
Fixed Income
117.87%
Equity
0.01%
Cash & Cash Equivalents
-17.88%

 

Bar chart with 3 bars.
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying values. Data ranges from -17.8837 to 117.8697.
Created with Highcharts 11.4.8Fixed IncomeEquityCash & Cash​Equivalents0%50%100%-50%150%
End of interactive chart.

Holdings

As of 01/31/2026 (Updated Monthly)

Fannie Mae Or Freddie Mac 5.​5% 02/01/2056 FHLM
United States Treasury Note/Bond 3.​875% 11/30/2027
Fannie Mae Or Freddie Mac 6% 02/01/2056 FHLM
Fannie Mae Or Freddie Mac 6.​5% 02/01/2056 FHLM
Freddie Mac Pool 3% 02/01/2052 FHLM
United States Treasury Note/Bond 2.​25% 08/15/2049
United States Treasury Note/Bond 1.​875% 11/15/2051
Freddie Mac Pool 2% 04/01/2052 FHLM
Freddie Mac Pool 2% 03/01/2051 FHLM
GOVT NATL MORTG ASSN 5.​5% 02/01/2056 GNMA

Portfolio holdings are based on the total portfolio and are subject to change at any time. Holdings are provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a recommendation to purchase or sell any security. 

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Distributions & Tax

Federal ID Number 94-3297384

For information on tax years prior to 2008, please contact us

These amounts represent distributions paid by the fund, foreign taxes passed through (if any), and other distribution characteristics for the calendar year selected. These amounts are reported to shareholders on Form 1099-DIV.

Distributions per Share ($)

Estimated distributions can change depending on current market conditions and number of shares outstanding. Changes can occur up to the record date. Estimates don't include ordinary income distributions the funds may be making. A fund's capital gain distributions per share will be the same for each share class. All dates and distributions are subject to board approval.

Tax Information
Record Date

For daily accrual funds, the date displayed is the pay date for the fund.

Ordinary Dividends

Dividends paid by a fund that are derived from interest, dividends, net short-term capital gains and other types of ordinary income earned by the fund. For a fund that elects to pass through its foreign taxes paid (a non-cash item), a shareholder's allotted share of foreign taxes has been added to the “Ordinary Dividends” cash distributions received by the shareholder. If the fund passed through foreign taxes paid and later is refunded any portion of those taxes by a foreign tax authority, any interest paid to the fund on that refund is also required to be included in “Ordinary Dividends”.

Qualified Dividends

The portion of a fund’s “Ordinary Dividends” that may be eligible for a reduced capital gain tax rate. To be eligible for the lower tax rates, certain holding periods apply and shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the amount eligible for the reduced rate. This amount represents both cash distributions and non-cash amounts, such as foreign taxes paid, that have been allocated to shareholders.

Capital Gain Distributions

The net long-term gains recognized by a fund from the sale of securities and other assets. These distributions may be eligible for a reduced capital gain tax rate.

Unrecaptured Section 1250 Gain

The portion of a fund’s “Capital Gain Distributions” related to certain depreciable real property—typically derived from a fund’s real estate investment trusts holdings. Unrecaptured section 1250 gains are usually taxed at a higher tax rate than general “Capital Gain Distributions”.

Non-Taxable Return Of Capital

Also known as a “Return of Capital”, occurs when a shareholder receives a portion of their investment that is not considered income or capital gains. These amounts are not taxed currently but may reduce the cost basis of the shares related to the distribution.

Section 199a Dividends

The portion of a fund’s “Ordinary Dividends” generated by a real estate investment trust or earned by a fund from its investments in real estate investment trusts, subject to limitations. Individual (non-corporate) shareholders may be entitled to a special deduction from gross income for “Section 199A Dividends” received from a fund. To qualify for this deduction certain holding periods apply and shareholders should consult their tax advisor.

Foreign Tax Paid

Shareholder’s pro-rata portion of foreign taxes paid by the fund to non-US tax authorities. A shareholder may be eligible to claim these as a credit or take a deduction on their tax return and should consult their tax advisor.

Exempt Interest Dividends

Represent the net tax-exempt income earned by the fund from municipal bonds and other tax-exempt securities. This income is typically not subject to federal income tax but may be subject to state and or alternative minimum tax. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor if they have any questions.

Interest on Tax Reclaim Refunds

Interest paid by European countries on historical overwithholding of taxes by the foreign governments related to dividends and interest paid to the mutual fund. The reclaimed taxes are now being refunded as a result of various court rulings. In accordance with IRS Notice 2016-10, the mutual fund is required to report the interest on the reclaimed taxes on Form 1099-DIV

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0.02766568 — — — — — — — —
0.030959504 — — — — — — — —
0.349079002 — — — — — — — —

Supplemental Tax Information

Foreign Source Income

The portion of “Ordinary Dividends” attributable to foreign securities held by a fund.

—
Foreign Source Qualified Dividends

The portion of “Ordinary Dividends” attributable to qualified dividends earned by a fund from foreign sources.

—
Direct U.S. Government Obligations

The portion of “Ordinary Dividends” attributable to earnings from US Treasury and certain other government securities may be categorized as a fund containing US government obligations. This income may be exempt from state personal income taxes. The percentage for direct US government obligation interests available for tax-exempt treatment may be limited in states that require the fund to meet certain minimum thresholds. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the availability of exemptions in their state.

14.45%
Specified Private Activity Bond Interest

The portion of “Exempt-Interest Dividends” generated from specified private activity bond income and subject to the alternative minimum tax. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor about applicability.

—
Dividends Received Deduction

The portion of a fund’s “Ordinary Dividends” related to dividends received from taxable domestic corporations. Corporate shareholders may be entitled to a special deduction from gross income based on the “Dividends Received Deduction” received from a fund. To qualify for this deduction certain holding periods apply and shareholders should consult their tax advisor.

—
Section 163(j)

The portion of “Ordinary Dividends” related to business interest income. Corporate shareholders may be able to deduct business interest expenses based on the Section 163(j) dividends received from a fund. Certain holding periods apply and shareholders should consult their tax advisor about applicability.

100.00%
Indiana Resident Taxable Income

The portion of “Exempt-Interest Dividends” subject to Indiana income tax. Subject to certain exceptions, the state of Indiana provides that income earned from non-federal government entities outside of Indiana (non-Indiana municipal bonds) is taxable for Indiana resident shareholders. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor about applicability.

—
Utah Resident Taxable Income

The portion of “Exempt-Interest Dividends” subject to Utah income tax. Subject to certain exceptions, the state of Utah provides that income earned from non-federal government entities outside of Utah (non-Utah municipal bonds) is taxable to Utah resident shareholders. Income earned from states that do not tax Utah obligations are also exempt. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor about applicability.

—

Franklin Templeton and its specialized investment managers and its employees are not in the business of providing tax or legal advice to taxpayers. These materials and any tax-related statements are not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used or relied upon, by any such taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding tax penalties or complying with any applicable tax laws or regulations. Tax-related statements, if any, may have been written in connection with the promotion or marketing of the transaction(s) or matter(s) addressed by these materials, to the extent allowed by applicable law. Each investor’s tax situation is different, and is based on an individual’s tax bracket, type of account used for investment and other factors. Any such taxpayer should seek advice based on the taxpayer's particular circumstances from an independent tax advisor.

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Pricing

Pricing History

As of 03/02/2026 (Updated Daily)

March 2026

Mar
2026
SuSundayMoMondayTuTuesdayWeWednesdayThThursdayFrFridaySaSaturday

March 2026

Mar
2026
SuSundayMoMondayTuTuesdayWeWednesdayThThursdayFrFridaySaSaturday

Chart

Line chart with 7592 data points.
The chart has 1 X axis displaying Time. Data ranges from 1997-01-02 00:00:00 to 2026-03-02 00:00:00.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying [products.performance-value]. Data ranges from 7.72 to 17.85.
Created with Highcharts 11.4.8[products.performance-value]200020102020$6$8$10$12$14$16$18$20
NAV
End of interactive chart.

Daily Fund Prices and Breakpoints

As of 03/02/2026

Share Prices

As of 03/02/2026

NAV  1(Net Asset Value)
$8.47
NAV Change  1
$-0.03
NAV Change (%)  1
-0.35%
POP  11(Public Offering Price)
$8.80

POP and Sales Charge at Breakpoints

Less than $100,000
$100,000 - $249,999
$250,000 - $499,999

52-Week Range

Highest NAV As of 10/28/2025
$8.51
Lowest NAV As of 04/11/2025
$8.13

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Documents

Fund Literature
Fund Literature
Name Download Add to Cart
Factsheet - Franklin Total Return FundDownload Document
Product Commentary - Franklin Total Return FundDownload Document
Regulatory Documents
Regulatory Documents
Name Download Add to Cart
Annual Report - Franklin Total Return Fund - Class ADownload Document
Annual Financial Statements And Other Information - Franklin Investors securities TrustDownload Document
Semi-Annual Report - Franklin Total Return Fund Class ADownload Document
Semiannual Financial Statements and Other Information - Franklin Investors Securities TrustDownload Document
Prospectus - Franklin Investors Securities Trust #2Download Document
Summary Prospectus - Franklin Total Return FundDownload Document
Statement of Additional Information - Franklin Investors Securities Trust #2Mailed hardcopies unavailable.Download Document
Fiscal Q1 Holdings - Franklin Investors Securities Trust FundsMailed hardcopies unavailable.Download Document
Fiscal Q3 Holdings - Franklin Investors Securities Trust FundsMailed hardcopies unavailable.Download Document

 

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Risks

All investments involve risks, including possible loss of principal. Fixed income securities involve interest rate, credit, inflation and reinvestment risks, and possible loss of principal. As interest rates rise, the value of fixed income securities falls. Asset-backed, mortgage-backed or mortgage-related securities are subject to prepayment and extension risks. Changes in the credit rating of a bond, or in the credit rating or financial strength of a bond’s issuer, insurer or guarantor, may affect the bond’s value. Low-rated, high-yield bonds are subject to greater price volatility, illiquidity and possibility of default. International investments are subject to special risks, including currency fluctuations and social, economic and political uncertainties, which could increase volatility. These risks are magnified in emerging markets. Derivative instruments can be illiquid, may disproportionately increase losses, and have a potentially large impact on performance. The manager may consider environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria in the research or investment process; however, ESG considerations may not be a determinative factor in security selection. In addition, the manager may not assess every investment for ESG criteria, and not every ESG factor may be identified or evaluated. These and other risks are discussed in the fund’s prospectus.

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Important Information

Click here for funds sales charge and breakpoint information. 

Total Returns include change in share price, assume reinvestment of all distributions, and reflect the deduction of fund expenses and applicable fees. Total returns, distribution rate, and yields reflect any applicable expense reductions and fee waivers; without these reductions, the results would have been lower.

Most funds offer multiple share classes. Share classes are subject to different fees and expenses, which will affect their performance.

Certain share classes are only offered to eligible investors as stated in the prospectus. Different minimums may apply to clients of certain service agents. All classes of shares are not available through all distribution channels. See the Fund's prospectus for additional information.

Franklin Distributors, LLC. Member FINRA, SIPC. All entities mentioned are Franklin Templeton affiliated companies. Investment Products: NOT FDIC INSURED | NO BANK GUARANTEE | MAY LOSE VALUE.
Reports and other information about the funds are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's Internet site at www.sec.gov.

You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view and print PDF documents. Download a free version from Adobe's website.

Important data provider notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com.

Performance data quoted represents past performance, which does not guarantee future results. 

CFA® and Chartered Financial Analyst® are trademarks owned by CFA Institute.

Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in an index. They do not reflect any fees, expenses or sales charges. 

Investors should carefully consider a fund's investment goals, risks, sales charges and expenses before investing. The prospectus contains this and other information. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing or sending money.

The Bloomberg US Aggregate Index is comprised of investment-grade, U.S. dollar-denominated government, corporate, and mortgage- and asset-backed issues having at least one year to maturity.
Source: Bloomberg Indices.

U.S. government-sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, may be chartered by acts of Congress; their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. government. Although the U.S. government has recently provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, no assurance can be given that the U.S. government will always do so.

Footnotes

  1. Net Asset Value - the amount per share you would receive if you sold shares that day. NAV Change indicates a change in the Net Asset Value from the previous business day.

  2. Figures are aggregate total return figures, have not been annualized and represent the change in value of an investment over the period indicated.

  3. Distribution Rate is calculated by annualizing the most recent distribution amount paid, divided by the NAV as of the date indicated. The Distribution Rate calculation includes income and return of capital, and excludes special distributions. The Distribution Rate is not guaranteed, subject to change, and is not a quotation of fund performance. 

  4. With Waiver means the performance quote reflects any applicable expense reductions and fee waivers.

  5. During periods of rising inflation, fund yields can vary significantly from month-to-month and may not be repeated.

  6. 30-Day SEC Yield is calculated using the net income (interest and dividends) per share earned over a trailing 30-day period (annualized), divided by the fund’s share price at the end of that period. It may not equal the fund’s actual income distribution rate, which reflects the fund’s past dividends paid to shareholders.

  7. Gross Expense Ratio reflects the total annual operating expenses for the share class shown, prior to the deduction of any waiver or reimbursement. Actual expenses may be higher and may impact portfolio returns. Net Expense Ratio reflects total expenses after any fee waivers, implemented expense caps or reimbursements. If a fund has contractual fee waivers, expense caps and/or reimbursements, the expiration date can be found by clicking on the information button next to the net expense ratio. Additional amounts may be voluntarily waived and/or reimbursed and may be modified or discontinued at any time without notice. Expense ratios are as of the most recent prospectus or annual report.

  8. Net Expense Ratio represents the expense ratio applicable to investors. 

  9. For net asset value (NAV) purchases, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) may apply to shares redeemed within 18 months.

  10. ©2025 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information.

  11. Public Offering Price – the purchase price for each share of the fund on a given day.  It includes the maximum initial sales charge, if any.

  12. The Morningstar Rating™ for funds, or “star rating”, is calculated for managed products with at least a three-year history, and subject to change monthly. Exchange-traded funds and open-ended mutual funds are considered a single population for comparative purposes. It is calculated based on a Morningstar Risk Adjusted Return measure that accounts for variation in a managed product’s monthly excess performance, placing more emphasis on downward variations and rewarding consistent performance. The top 10% of products in each product category receive 5 stars, the next 22.5% receive 4 stars, the next 35% receive 3 stars, the next 22.5% receive 2 stars, and the bottom 10% receive 1 star. The Overall Morningstar Rating is derived from a weighted average of the performance figures associated with its three-, five-, and 10-year (if applicable) Morningstar Rating metrics. The weights are: 100% three-year rating for 36-59 months of total return, 60% five-year rating/40% three-year rating for 60-119 months of total returns, and 50% 10-year rating/30% five-year rating/20% three-year rating for 120 or more months of total return. While the 10-year overall star rating formula seems to give the most weight to the 10-year period, the most recent three-year period actually has the greatest impact because it is included in all three rating periods. Ratings do not take into account the effects of sales charges and loads. Morningstar Rating is for the specified share class(es) only; other classes may have different performance characteristics. ©2025 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information.

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